Reference Architecture

The SIA Reference Stack

Modular Architecture for Sovereign AI Systems

The Standard defines what sovereign AI must achieve. The Reference Stack defines how — a modular component architecture that SIA-compliant implementations should include.

These are architectural building blocks, not a product catalog. The specific technologies and implementations will vary. The functional requirements do not.

Core Infrastructure

The foundational layer. Traffic governance, model management, compliance enforcement.

Intelligent Router

Classifies query sensitivity in real-time. Routes to local inference or approved external endpoints based on defined rules. The gatekeeper for all AI traffic.

Model Abstraction Layer

Unified API across any model. Swap foundation models without application changes. The key to LLM agnosticism.

Governance Engine

Centralized logging, audit trails, and policy enforcement. Every inference recorded with full context.

Prompt Management

Versioned prompt storage with audit history. Configuration as code for AI behavior.

Inference Optimization

Caching, quantization, batching. Performance without compromising sovereignty.

Intelligence & Retrieval

How sovereign AI accesses and applies knowledge.

Sovereign RAG

Retrieval-augmented generation on your infrastructure. Your documents, your vectors, your answers.

Knowledge Anchoring

Hallucination prevention layer. Responses grounded in verified sources with citation.

Vector Residency

Local embedding generation and storage. Semantic search without data egress.

Knowledge Graphs

Structured relationships beyond vector similarity. Entity resolution, inference chains, explainable connections.

Session Memory

Context persistence across conversations. Continuity without sending history to external APIs.

Interface & Interaction

How users engage with sovereign AI systems.

Conversational Core

Text-based interaction foundation. Chat interfaces, command processing, dialogue management.

Voice Pipeline

Speech recognition, synthesis, and conversation — on-premise. Real-time voice interaction without cloud ASR/TTS.

Visual Interaction

Avatar systems, video presence, multimodal interfaces for high-engagement applications.

Omnichannel Bridge

Unified experience across text, voice, and visual modalities. Consistent AI behavior regardless of interface.

Document & Data Processing

Intelligence extraction at enterprise scale.

Document Understanding

Full extraction from unstructured documents. OCR, layout analysis, semantic parsing.

Classification & Routing

Automatic document type detection. Intelligent routing based on content.

Entity Extraction

Structured data from unstructured input. Names, dates, amounts, relationships — extracted and normalized.

Redaction & Anonymization

Automatic PII detection and removal. Data transformation for safe downstream use.

Compliance & Security

Regulatory adherence and threat defense.

Regulatory Rules Engine

Compliance requirements as executable code. Automated policy enforcement.

Explainability Layer

Human-readable decision explanations. Audit-ready reasoning chains.

Bias Detection

Fairness analysis across protected categories. Monitoring and alerting for drift.

Adversarial Defense

Protection against prompt injection, jailbreaking, and model manipulation attacks.

Workflow & Operations

AI-powered business process automation.

Intent Classification

Real-time understanding of user goals. Routing and response selection.

Escalation Management

Human-in-loop triggers. Approval workflows. Graceful handoff when AI reaches limits.

System Integration

Connectors for enterprise platforms. ERP, CRM, EHR, trading systems — secure bridges that respect sovereignty boundaries.

Implementation

The Reference Stack is architectural guidance. Implementation requires:

  • Component selection appropriate to sovereignty level and use case
  • Integration design that maintains data residency guarantees
  • Governance configuration aligned with regulatory requirements
  • Operational procedures for monitoring, updates, and incident response

TSI-certified practitioners guide these decisions. When builds are needed, accredited implementation partners deliver to the Standard.

Need Implementation Support?

The Sovereign Institute connects organizations with certified practitioners for assessment and architecture guidance, and with accredited implementation partners for system builds.

For assessment, architecture, and advisory:

Connect with a Certified Practitioner →

For product development and system builds:

Request Implementation Partner →

Learn the Stack

Certification programs cover Reference Stack architecture in depth:

  • Foundation introduces component categories and their roles
  • Practitioner covers selection, integration, and governance configuration
  • Specialist tracks address sector-specific component requirements
  • Expert level covers complex multi-component architectures
View Certification Programs →